What happens once all Bitcoin is mined?

By the year 2140, a significant milestone in the Bitcoin ecosystem will be reached as all 21 million bitcoins will have been mined. This predetermined limit, hardcoded into the Bitcoin protocol, ensures the scarcity and deflationary nature of the cryptocurrency.

Following this exhaustive mining process, the creation of new bitcoins will cease, marking a pivotal moment in the digital currency's history. This cessation of new supply underscores Bitcoin's commitment to maintaining a finite quantity, a key aspect of its economic model.

Miners, who play a vital role in maintaining the security and integrity of the Bitcoin network by verifying and adding new blocks to the blockchain, will undergo a significant transformation in their revenue streams. After 2140, they will no longer receive rewards in the form of newly minted bitcoins.

Instead, miners will rely solely on transaction fees paid by users as their primary source of income. This shift in revenue dynamics underscores the importance of transaction fees in sustaining the Bitcoin network in its post-mining era.

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