What is a centrifuge good for?

A centrifuge is a powerful tool employed for segregating particles suspended in a liquid mixture. This separation is based on intricate factors such as the particle's size and density, as well as the viscosity of the surrounding medium.

The working principle of a centrifuge relies heavily on the concept of gravitational force. When particles of varying densities are introduced into a rotating system, the force of gravity acts differently on each particle.

Particles with a higher density than the solvent experience a greater downward pull, causing them to migrate towards the bottom of the centrifuge. Conversely, particles less dense than the solvent are subject to a weaker gravitational force, allowing them to rise and accumulate at the top.

The viscosity of the medium also plays a pivotal role in the separation process. A more viscous liquid hinders the movement of particles, affecting their sedimentation rates and ultimately influencing the outcome of the separation.

Additionally, the rotor speed of the centrifuge is a crucial parameter. By adjusting the speed, scientists can control the intensity of the centrifugal force, fine-tuning the separation process to meet specific requirements.